Distintos fenotipos de insuficiencia mitral en pacientes con estimulación apical del ventrículo derecho: Un abordaje ecocardiográfico en una heterogeneidad de escenarios clínicos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47487/apcyccv.v2i2.130Palabras clave:
Insuficiencia mitral, Estimulación cardiaca artificial, Ecocardiografía transtorácicaResumen
La estimulación artificial apical del ventrículo derecho (VD) ocasiona una activación asincrónica del ventrículo izquierdo (VI) y de los músculos papilares, lo cual determina un deterioro de la fracción de eyección del VI y un cierre inadecuado del aparato valvular con aparición de insuficiencia mitral (IM) de grado variable. El estudio de este escenario tiene relevancia en la toma de decisiones clínicas a fin de definir pacientes que se beneficien de una terapia de resincronización cardiaca (TRC) para aliviar la regurgitación mitral. Sin embargo, existe una amplia heterogeneidad de patologías que coexisten en pacientes con estimulación permanente con distintos grados de miocardiopatía asociada, lo que dificulta la determinación etiológica y empeora el estadio clínico. El estudio mediante ecocardiografía transtorácica permite la evaluación integral de la regurgitación valvular mitral y de parámetros de función ventricular y de asincronía mecánica como resultado de la estimulación.
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