Fragilidad y resultados adversos en pacientes mayores de 65 años con síndrome coronario agudo en una cohorte hospitalaria en Medellín, Colombia

Alejandro Narvaéz-Orozco; Daniel Camilo Aguirre-Acevedo; Alberto Navarro-Navajas; David Pabón-De Ossa; Valentina Angarita-Vasquez; Juan Camilo Ortiz-Uribe; Juan Andrés Delgado-Restrepo; Juan Manuel Senior-Sánchez

doi:10.47487/apcyccv.v5i3.408

Authors

Alejandro Narvaéz-Orozco Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0185-509X
Daniel Camilo Aguirre-Acevedo Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8195-8821
Alberto Navarro-Navajas Servicio de Hemodinamia, Unidad Funcional Integrada Cardiopulmonar, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia; Sección de Cardiología, departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia; Facultad de medicina Universidad de Antioquia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7428-1859
David Pabón-De Ossa Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9483-2213
Valentina Angarita-Vasquez Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8331-1917
Juan Camilo Ortiz-Uribe Servicio de Hemodinamia, Unidad Funcional Integrada Cardiopulmonar, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia; Sección de Cardiología, departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0714-6814
Juan Andrés Delgado-Restrepo Servicio de Hemodinamia, Unidad Funcional Integrada Cardiopulmonar, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9877-0852
Juan Manue Senior-Sánchez Servicio de Hemodinamia, Unidad Funcional Integrada Cardiopulmonar, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia; Sección de Cardiología, departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia; Grupo para el estudio de las enfermedades cardiovasculares, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8312-7194

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47487/apcyccv.v5i3.408

Keywords:

Frailty, Acute Coronary Syndrome, Frail Elderly, Colombia

Abstract

Objective. Several studies have demonstrated an association between frailty and worse outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS); however, there is a lack of evidence from Colombia. This study aims to evaluate the association between frailty and the risk of adverse outcomes in patients over 65 years old diagnosed with ACS. Materials and methods. A prospective cohort study was conducted, including patients over 65 years old who underwent coronary angiography due to an ACS diagnosis at a hospital in Medellín, Colombia. Frailty was assessed using the FRAIL scale. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at 30 days. Secondary outcomes included length of hospital stay and a composite outcome of in-hospital or 30-day mortality, contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock, hemorrhagic complications, and vascular complications. Results. A total of 112 patients were included. Frail patients (n=35, 31.3%) were older, had a lower socioeconomic status, higher GRACE scores, and more severely compromised coronary vessels. A significant association was observed between frailty and 30-day mortality (relative risk [RR] 19.00, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.04-72.61; p<0.001), the composite outcome (RR 4.57, 95% CI: 2.56-8.34; p<0.001), and longer hospital stays (9 days vs. 5 days in the non-frail group). Conclusions. A considerable number of patients over 65 years old with ACS were frail. Frailty was associated with adverse in hospital and 30-day outcomes.

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